PANAF 5
CARRIER
PANAF 5, is a surfactant developed with our unique Natural Proprietary Liposomal Technology, designed to give farmers the flexibility to create custom solutions. It acts as a carrier, delivering a wide range of helpful materials that aren't found in other products, directly to where they are needed most.
By functioning as a foliar nutrient delivery system, PANAF 5 can be sprayed directly onto plant leaves, effectively transporting nutrients and toxins in liposomes to their intended targets.
Moreover, it helps improve the effectiveness of chemicals by overcoming any resistance plants may have developed, and it enhances the absorption of any added ingredients or toxins, ensuring they are used to their fullest potential.
PANAF 5 Lipds
PANAF 3 Lipids
BENEFITS OF PANAF 5
PANAF 5 is a surfactant created using our unique Natural Proprietary Liposomal Technology, which gives farmers the flexibility to create custom solutions. It acts as a carrier that delivers a wide range of helpful materials directly to where they are needed most, unlike other products. As a foliar nutrient delivery system, PANAF 5 can be sprayed directly onto plant leaves, efficiently transporting nutrients and toxins in liposomes to their intended targets.
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Additionally, PANAF 5 enhances the effectiveness of chemicals by overcoming any resistance plants may have developed. It also improves the absorption of added ingredients or toxins, ensuring they work to their fullest potential.
DRUG RESISTANCE
The two photos below demonstrate the ability of PANAF 5 to penetrate as carrier into insects.
NOTE: In this demonstration the methomyl was stained red. It is known that Aphids are resistant to Methomyl and therefore the aphid on the left did not die, but the aphid on the right died within 2 minutes unable to resist the PANAF 5 and Methomyl mix.
RESULTS:
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Photo, left, shows no sign of poison inside the Aphid.
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Photo, right, shows the insect is pervaded with the PANAF 5 and Methomyl mix
PENETRATION INTO INSECT EGGS
RESULTS:
PANAF 5 Lipids move through the egg of a stink bug to destroy it internally.
USED IN WEED TREATMENT (CONYZA):
This weed is known to be resistant to many known herbicides, and is difficult to eradicate.
WARNING: Where toxic pesticides are used as additive, user must wear appropriate protective clothing
RESULTS:
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The weed on the left still shows signs of life 10 days after using the standard Glyphosate treatment.
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The weed on the right treated with PANAF 5 to which 1/10th of the standard Glyphosate dosage has been added shows no signs of resistance or life in either stem or roots.
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This result is due to the penetrating ability of PANAF 5 formula, where it delivers the herbicide to inner cells and therefore eradicate the plant from inside, as compared to the standard treatment that only kills plant-parts it can readily reach. If the core is still alive, it will simply regrow.
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The much reduced quantum of herbicide required for higher efficacy is indicative of superior bio-availability offered by PANAF 5
Effect of PANAF 5 on the efficacy of pesticides to control felted
coccid on macadamia
The introduction outlines the prevalence of felted coccid as a significant pest on macadamia trees, originating from Australia and later spreading to South Africa. The pest infestation leads to various detrimental effects such as leaf yellowing, yield reduction, and tree die-back. The life cycle of the felted coccid involves egg-laying, hatching, crawler emergence, and subsequent stages of development, with females laying numerous eggs and males aggregating near leaf veins.
In South Africa, buprofezin and pyriproxifen are registered pesticides for felted coccid control, and the study aims to enhance their efficacy by adding a surfactant called PANAF 5. PANAF 5, containing liposomes, is hypothesized to improve pesticide penetration and efficacy, potentially reducing pesticide usage. The study design includes testing full and reduced dosages of buprofezin with PANAF 5 against felted coccid infestations.
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The materials and methods detail the experimental setup on a commercial macadamia farm in Mpumalanga, South Africa. Felted coccid presence was confirmed using duct tape traps, and four chemical treatments, along with an untreated control, were applied and assessed for efficacy. Statistical analysis was conducted to compare treatment effects on felted coccid populations.
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Results indicate that all chemical treatments significantly reduced felted coccid populations compared to the untreated control. PANAF 5 alone showed some pesticidal properties, but buprofezin combined with PANAF 5 was the most effective, particularly at full dosage, where all felted coccid crawlers were eliminated. Even at 50% dosage, buprofezin with PANAF 5 remained effective, albeit not completely eliminating all crawlers. The efficacy of PANAF 5 in killing eggs was inconclusive based on the study results, suggesting the need for further investigation.
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Overall the study demonstrates the improved efficacy of buprofezin when combined with PANAF 5 against felted coccid infestations on macadamia trees. Further research is recommended to explore the mechanism of action and confirm the efficacy of this combination, as well as to investigate its potential to reduce pesticide usage. Follow-up trials are suggested to validate these findings and assess long-term effects.
Materials and Methods:
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The study was conducted on a commercial macadamia farm in Mpumalanga, South Africa, where felted coccid infestations were present. Initially, duct tape traps were used to confirm the presence of felted coccid crawlers on selected macadamia trees. After confirming the infestation, chemical treatments were applied to the trees. These treatments included buprofezin/pyriproxifen at full and reduced dosages, with and without PANAF 5, a surfactant. Additionally, PANAF 5 alone and an untreated control were included as treatments.
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Each treatment was replicated six times, with three adjacent trees being sprayed per replicate. The application of treatments was done using high-pressure equipment until runoff occurred on leaves and stems. The first application was conducted on December 5, 2023, followed by a second application on December 19, 2023. After each application, duct tape traps were used again to assess the efficacy of the chemical treatments in controlling felted coccid crawlers, with counts being made three days post-application.
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The study used macadamia trees of the 'HES816' cultivar, spaced 5 x 3 meters apart. Data analysis was performed using Statistix 10 software, with analysis of covariance comparing treatments based on the initial number of felted coccids as a covariate. Treatments were considered statistically significantly different when P < 0.05, and Fisher’s protected t-test was used to separate treatment means once significant differences were identified
Results and Findings:
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The results show that the chemical treatments were highly effective in controlling felted coccid infestations on macadamia trees. Before the first application, an average of 19 crawlers per square centimeter were found. The control treatment had 15.4 crawlers, while PANAF 5 alone reduced the number to 6.0. However, buprofezin at the recommended dosage drastically reduced crawlers to 0.3 per square centimeter, and when combined with PANAF 5, all crawlers were eradicated.
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Before the second application, fewer crawlers were found, possibly due to high rainfall. Nevertheless, all chemical treatments were significantly more effective than the control. After the second application, all treatments further reduced crawler numbers, with buprofezin combined with PANAF 5 achieving complete eradication. Even at a reduced dosage, buprofezin with PANAF 5 significantly outperformed PANAF 5 alone or the untreated control.
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The study suggests that the combination of buprofezin and PANAF 5 is highly effective in controlling felted coccid infestations on macadamia trees. Follow-up treatments are recommended to break the reproductive cycle and ensure long-term control. Further research is needed to determine the optimal dosage of buprofezin when combined with PANAF 5 for maximum efficacy.
DIRECTIONS
PANAF 5 can be applied through conventional ground equipment, drone or through properly equipped irrigation systems. Avoid mist spray setting.
PANAF 5 can be tank mixed with water and other liquid fertilizers and pesticides.
Soil Application: 1L per hectare.
Leaf Application: 1L per hectare
MIXING INSTRUCTIONS
For Liquid Fertilizer
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Use 200 part water to 1 part PANAF 5 - 1:200
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Add 100ml – 150ml of the amount of liquid fertilizer 1L PANAF 5.
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Put 200 parts water in a tank.
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Add 1 part PANAF 5/ liquid fertilizer mix to water in tank.
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Mix the water with the PANAF 5 and liquid fertilizer mix.
For Pesticides
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Use 50 part water to 1 part PANAF 5 - 1:50
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Add 20ml – 40ml of Pesticide to 1L PANAF 5.
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Put 50 parts water in a tank.
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Add 1 part PANAF 5/ Pesticide mix to water in tank.
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Mix the water with the PANAF 5 and Pesticide mix.
ACTIVE INGREDIENTS
CHITOSAN, AND VITAMIN E